S&P 500’s has small gain, reaches yet another record

NEW YORK — The Standard & Poor’s 500 index notched another record close on Monday by a tiny margin as good news from J.C. Penney helped offset disappointing earnings from several U.S. companies.

J.C. Penney was the biggest gainer in the S&P 500 after the retailer’s CEO said sales were improving. Merck fell after the drugmaker sharply lowered its earnings forecast for the year and reported a plunge in third-quarter earnings. Roper Industries, a medical and industrial equipment manufacturer, dropped after lowering its full-year earnings estimate.

The S&P 500 has closed at an all-time high six times in October. The index was boosted earlier in the month by a deal in Washington that ended a partial government shutdown and prevented a potential default on the U.S. government’s debt. Stocks have also climbed because companies have been able to keep increasing their earnings even as the economy failed to escape stall speed.

Earnings are expected to rise by about 4.5 percent at S&P 500 companies, according to data from S&P Capital IQ. While that is the slowest rate of growth in a year, companies are still beating the estimates of Wall Street analysts. About two-thirds of the companies that have published third-quarter earnings so far have exceeded analysts’ expectations.

“Earnings are beating a low bar,” said Russ Koesterich, chief investment strategist at BlackRock. “You have an economy that’s not producing a lot of top-line growth, but it’s allowing margins to remain elevated for longer than people thought.”

The S&P 500 rose 2.34 points, or 0.1 percent, to 1,762.11. The Dow Jones industrial average edged down 1.35 points, or less than 0.1 percent, to 15,568.93. The Nasdaq composite closed down 3.23 points, or 0.1 percent, at 3,940.13.

J.C. Penney, which is trying to recover from a botched corporate makeover led by its former CEO, rose 60 cents, or 8.8 percent, to $7.39. The stock, which is still down 63 percent this year.

Merck fell $1.19, or 2.6 percent, to $45.35 after reporting that its third-quarter profit plunged 35 percent. Roper Industries fell $8.78, or 2.6 percent, to $124.26 after the company’s earnings fell short of estimates. Roper also cut its earnings forecast.

Homebuilders fell after the number of Americans who signed contracts to buy previously occupied homes fell in September to the lowest level in nine months, reflecting higher mortgage rates and home prices. D.R. Horton dropped 11 cents, or 0.6 percent, to $19.66. KB Home fell 22 cents, or 1.2 percent, to $17.68.

Stocks have been supported this year by ongoing economic stimulus from the Federal Reserve. This week investors will get more insight into the central bank’s thinking.

Analysts don’t expect to see any big changes come out of a meeting of Fed policymakers this week. The Fed is currently buying $85 billion in bonds every month to help keep down long-term interest rates and to encourage borrowing, spending and hiring.

“The Fed is not likely to surprise the markets at this week’s meeting, by any means,” said Michael Sheldon, the Chief Market Strategist at RDM Financial. “For now, it’s steady as she goes.”

The 16-day government shutdown that ended earlier this month likely curtailed economic growth in the fourth quarter. Also, many government agencies stopped publishing economic reports during the shutdown, making it harder for policy makers to get a clear picture of the economy.

The yield on the 10-year Treasury note rose to 2.52 percent from 2.51 percent.

In commodities trading, the price of gold edged down 30 cents to close at $1,352.20 an ounce. Oil rose 83 cents, or 0.8 percent, to $98.68 a barrel.

Among other stocks making big moves:

— Burger King rose $1.14, or 5.8 percent, to $20.90 after the hamburger chain said its third-quarter net income surged as it sharply reduced its expenses.

— CF Industries gained $8.74, or 4.2 percent, to $218.36 after the company agreed to sell its phosphate business to the fertilizer producer Mosaic.

— Bristol-Myers Squibb rose $3.25, or 6.7 percent, to $52.02 after the company reported positive results from an early-stage study of its cancer drug nivolumab.